Rocktosh, you are correct that someone who overstays permission to stay in the US is at risk of deportation, even if the person has filed for a green card based on marriage to a US citizen. For many years, the INS and later on, USCIS, had a policy that somone who filed for adjustment of status to green card would be safe from deportation while the application was pending, even if the person had overstayed or otherwise lost his or her legal status at the time of applying. But in 2009, USCIS issued a memo saying that this would no longer be the case.
However, to the best of my knowledge, the new policy has not been enforced very strictly, if at all. Recently, a client of mine who entered the US legally and later on married a US citizen, but who had been out of status for more than half a year, applied for a green card. Even though this was fully disclosed in the green card application, no questions were asked and the green card was granted without any problem around 2-3 months after the application was filed.
Even more recently, another client, in a different part of the US, had a similar result after having stayed in the US for more than a year after losing previous legal status. Again, the facts were fully disclosed in the green card application, as of course they must be.
The important point is whether someone who applies for a green card through marriage to a US citizen orginially entered the US with a valid visa. If so, then, as long as the person did not misrepresent his or her intentions in obtaining the visa and entering the US, overstaying or failing to comply with the conditions of the visa will not bar the person from applying for a green card in the US based on marriage to a US citizen.
However, as you have mentioned previously, this generous rule does not apply to someone who entered with a visa waiver. Because of a recent decision, USCIS will not allow someone who overstays a visa waiver (which can be given for up to 90-days at a time only) to apply for a green card without leaving the US, even if married to a US citizen.
You also express surprise that green card marriage case interviews are being scheduled so quickly after filing, namely 2-3 months instead of 1-2 years as used to be the case. I think many of us are surprised. Within the past 3-4 years, these interviews have been greatly speeded up. Also, at least in my experience, the training that interviewing officers receive has greatly improved. I have been very impressed with their professionalism in most of the recent cases I have encountered.
Sometimes, the immigration system has a way of coming up with pleasant surprises. I think all of us wish this would happen more often. However, there can also be a downside. In New York City, for example, it has been announced that the immigration interview office, which is now located in a nearby suburb, is being moved to a more distant location at least 1-2 hours away from the city. While this may (we hope) help in keeping the wait for an interview short, it will be a hardship for many people who need to travel the long distance to get there.
The above is general information only, not legal advice, and does not create an attorney-client relationship.
Roger Algase
Attorney at Law
New York NY
algaselex@gmail.com